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1 breathe hard
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2 breathe hard
Общая лексика: тяжело дышать -
3 breathe hard
zor nefes al -
4 BREATHE HARD
[V]ANHELO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM) -
5 breathe hard
zor nefes al -
6 breathe
A vtr1 (inhale, respire) respirer [air, oxygen, gas, scent] ; to breathe one's last lit rendre son dernier soupir ; to breathe its last fig dire son dernier mot ;2 (exhale, blow) souffler [air, smoke, germs] (on sur) ; cracher [fire, vapour] ;3 ( whisper) murmurer (to à) ; I won't breathe a word je n'en soufflerai pas un mot ; don't breathe a word! pas un mot! ;4 ( inspire with) to breathe hope into sb redonner de l'espoir à qn ; to breathe (some) life into sth animer qch ; to breathe life into [God] insuffler la vie dans ; to breathe new life into sth donner un second souffle à qch.B vi1 ( respire) respirer ; to breathe hard ou heavily souffler fort, haleter ; to breathe easily or freely lit respirer librement ; to breathe more easily fig respirer ;2 (exhale, blow) to breathe over sb/on sth souffler sur qn/sur qch ;3 ( wine) s'aérer.to breathe down sb's neck ○ ( watch closely) être sur le dos de qn ○ ; ( be close behind) être sur les talons de qn ○ ; to breathe fire fulminer ; to live and breathe sth ne vivre que pour qch.■ breathe in:▶ breathe in inspirer ;▶ breathe in [sth], breathe [sth] in inhaler [gas, fumes].■ breathe out:▶ breathe out expirer ;▶ breathe out [sth], breathe [sth] out exhaler. -
7 breathe
breathe [bri:ð][person, fabric] respirera. [+ air] respirerb. [+ sigh] pousser• don't breathe a word (about it)! n'en dis rien à personne !* * *[briːð] 1.transitive verb1) (inhale, respire) respirer [air, oxygen, gas, scent]2) (exhale, blow) souffler [air, smoke, germs] (on sur); cracher [fire, vapour]3) ( whisper) murmurer (to à)4) ( inspire with)2.1) ( respire) respirerto breathe hard ou heavily — souffler fort, haleter
to breathe more easily — fig respirer
2) (exhale, blow)to breathe over somebody/on something — souffler sur quelqu'un/sur quelque chose
3) ( wine) s'aérer•Phrasal Verbs:••to breathe down somebody's neck — (colloq) ( watch closely) être sur le dos de quelqu'un (colloq); ( be close behind) être sur les talons de quelqu'un (colloq)
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8 breathe
breathe [bri:ð]∎ to breathe hard haleter;∎ to breathe heavily or deeply (after exertion) souffler ou respirer bruyamment; (during illness) il respirait péniblement;∎ you can't breathe in here (it's too hot) on ne peut pas respirer ici;∎ is he still breathing? est-il toujours en vie?, vit-il encore?;∎ figurative I breathed more easily or again after the exam après l'examen j'ai enfin pu respirer;∎ familiar to breathe down sb's neck (supervise) être sur le dos de qn; (look over their shoulder) regarder par-dessus l'épaule de qn;∎ figurative how can I work with you breathing down my neck? comment veux-tu que je travaille si tu es toujours derrière moi?;∎ figurative I need room to breathe (in relationship) j'ai besoin d'espace, il faut que je respire(a) (take in oxygen) respirer;∎ she breathed a sigh of relief elle poussa un soupir de soulagement;∎ to breathe one's last rendre le dernier soupir ou l'âme;∎ she breathed new life into the project elle a insufflé de nouvelles forces au projet;∎ she'll be breathing fire when she finds out! elle va se mettre dans une colère noire quand elle saura!∎ don't breathe a word! ne soufflez pas mot!;∎ they didn't breathe a word about it ils n'en ont pas soufflé mot(c) Linguistics aspirerinhalerinspirerexpirerexpirer -
9 ♦ hard
♦ hard /hɑ:d/A a.1 duro; solido; sodo: as hard as steel, duro come l'acciaio; a hard bench, una panca dura; hard soil, terreno duro (o solido)2 arduo; difficile; ostico; duro (lett.): hard questions [words], domande [parole] difficili; DIALOGO → - After an exam- There were a couple of really hard questions, c'erano un paio di domande veramente difficili; a hard task, un compito arduo; un duro compito; a hard case, un caso difficile ( da trattare); to find it hard to do st., fare qc. con grande difficoltà5 forte; grande; accanito, ostinato, tenace: a hard drinker, un forte bevitore; a hard worker, un gran lavoratore; un lavoratore indefesso; a hard smoker, un fumatore accanito6 duro; difficile; pieno di guai: hard life, vita dura; hard times, tempi difficili (o duri); ( di un prodotto) hard to sell, difficile a vendersi8 duro; aspro; brusco; sgarbato: hard words, parole dure (o aspre); hard manners, modi bruschi (o sgarbati)12 duro; aspro; sgradevole; brutto: a hard voice, una voce dura (o aspra); a hard story, una storia sgradevole; una brutta storia; hard light, luce sgradevole16 (agric., chim., fon.) duro: hard wheat, grano duro; hard water, acqua dura; The letter «g» is hard in «go», la lettera «g» è dura in «go»17 (ind. tess.) liscio; rasato18 (econ., fin.) forte; pregiato; solido; sostenuto: hard currency, moneta (o valuta) forte; moneta (o valuta) pregiataB avv.1 energicamente; forte, violentemente: It was raining hard, pioveva forte (o a dirotto); I hit him hard, lo colpii violentemente (o duro)2 accanitamente; molto; sodo; troppo: to fight hard, battersi accanitamente; to study hard, studiare molto; to try hard, fare ogni sforzo; to try one's hardest, mettercela tutta; to work hard, lavorare sodo; to drink hard, bere troppo; to be hard at it (o at work) darci sotto; lavorare sodo3 attentamente; intensamente: to listen hard (to sb.), ascoltare attentamente (q.); to think hard, pensare intensamente; riflettere profondamente5 duramente; gravemente; seriamente: I was hard hit by the slump, sono stato duramente colpito dalla recessioneC n.1 (naut.) approdo dal fondo solido● hard alcohol, alcol ad alta gradazione □ hard-and-fast, categorico, inderogabile, ferreo, rigido □ hard-and-fast rules, regole ferree □ (naut.) Hard aport!, tutto a sinistra! □ (fam. USA) a hard-ass, persona troppa ligia alle regole; tipo inquadrato (fig. fam.) □ (fam. USA) hard-assed, troppo ligio alle regole; inquadrato (fig. fam.) □ hard-baked, troppo cotto, duro ( per eccesso di cottura); (fig. fam.) duro, insensibile □ (naut.) hard beach, spiaggia di alaggio □ (fig.) hard-bitten, agguerrito, temprato; duro, indurito, insensibile □ hard-boiled, ( d'uovo) sodo; (fig.) duro, indurito, incallito, cinico; (fam.) concreto, pratico; ( di un film, ecc.) giallo, con scene di violenza □ hard-bought, acquistato (fig.: conseguito, ottenuto) a caro prezzo □ hard by, proprio vicino; vicinissimo (a) □ hard cash, (econ.) circolante; (fin.) denaro liquido; denaro contante; contanti: to demand hard cash, voler essere pagato in contanti □ hard coal, antracite □ (comput.) hard copy, copia cartacea; copia a stampa □ hard core, (pietrisco per) massicciata ( di strada); (fig.) nucleo intransigente, nucleo di irriducibili ( di un gruppo); (polit.) zoccolo duro (fig.); (mus.) hardcore □ hard-core, intransigente; irriducibile; duro; inflessibile; ( anche) cronico, incurabile; (mus.) hardcore; ( di pornografia) molto spinto, hard-core: hard-core opposition, opposizione irriducibile; (econ.) hard-core unemployment, disoccupazione cronica; a hard-core film, un film hard-core; un film pornografico spinto ( con scene di sesso non simulato) □ ( tennis) hard court, campo in terra battuta (o di cemento, ecc.) □ (comput.) hard disk ( drive) (abbr. HD/D/), hard disk; disco rigido □ to be hard done by, essere trattato male (o in modo ingiusto) □ hard drink, bevanda forte; superalcolico □ hard drinking, eccesso nel bere; alcolismo □ hard drug, droga pesante □ hard-earned, guadagnato con grande fatica (o col sudore della fronte): a hard-earned victory, una vittoria sudata □ hard-edged, ben delineato; risoluto □ (comput.) hard error, errore hardware □ the hard facts, i fatti incontrovertibili; la realtà nuda e cruda (fam.) □ hard-featured, dai lineamenti duri; ( di un viso) ruvido; grossolano (fig.) □ hard feelings, inimicizia; rancore: No hard feelings!, senza rancore!; amici come prima! □ hard-fisted, dalle mani forti; (fig.) duro, severo; ( anche) avaro, spilorcio, tirchio □ hard-fought, combattuto, sofferto; tirato (fam.): a hard-fought match, un incontro tirato □ hard freeze, gelo duro □ hard frost, freddo intenso, rigido □ (econ.) hard goods, beni di consumo durevoli □ hard going, faticoso; pesante (fig.) □ hard-handed, dalle mani incallite; (fig.) che ha la mano pesante, duro □ hard hat (o hard-hat), elmetto da edile; casco di protezione; (fam.) operaio edile, muratore; (fig. fam. USA) ultraconservatore, reazionario □ hard-head ► hardhead □ (fig.) to have a hard head, avere la testa dura; essere cocciuto □ hard-headed, pratico, realistico; accorto, avveduto; ( USA) caparbio, ostinato, testardo □ hard-hearted, dal cuore duro; insensibile; crudele □ hard-heartedness, insensibilità; crudeltà □ ( anche fig.) hard-hit, duramente colpito □ ( sport) a hard-hitter, uno che colpisce duro □ (di discorso, ecc.) hard-hitting, energico, vigoroso, incisivo; ( anche) che non usa giri di parole □ (metall.) hard iron, ferro magnetizzabile □ (leg., stor.) hard labour, lavori forzati ( aboliti in GB nel 1948) □ ( di corda, ecc.) hard-laid, strettamente intrecciato □ hard landing, (aeron.) atterraggio duro; (econ. fig.) atterraggio duro, brusca frenata □ (metall.) hard lead, piombo duro (o all'antimonio) □ (polit.) the hard left, l'estrema sinistra □ ( anche polit.) hard line, linea dura: to take a hard line, seguire la linea dura; non fare concessioni □ hard-line, duro, inflessibile, rigido, intransigente: a hard-line policy, una politica intransigente □ hard liner, chi segue la linea dura; (un) intransigente, irriducibile, integralista □ (fam.) hard lines = hard luck ► sotto □ hard liquor = hard drink ► sopra □ (fin.) hard loan, prestito in valuta forte; ( anche) prestito a tassi di mercato □ hard luck, sfortuna, malasorte; disdetta, scalogna (fam.): Hard luck!, che sfortuna!; che peccato! □ (fam.) a hard-luck story, una storia pietosa (o strappalacrime, fam.) □ a hard man, un duro □ (econ.) hard market, mercato stabile ( nel quale la domanda è alta e i prezzi sono elevati) □ hard money, (econ.) moneta metallica; (polit. USA) contributo diretto alla campagna elettorale di un candidato □ hard-mouthed, ( di cavallo) ribelle al morso; (fig.) indisciplinato, ribelle; testardo, ostinato □ (fam.) hard-nosed, concreto; pratico; realistico; duro □ (fam. fig.) hard nut, osso duro; brutto cliente □ (fam. fig.) a hard nut to crack, una bella gatta da pelare □ hard of hearing, duro d'orecchi; sordastro; che ci sente poco □ hard on, (avv.) = hard upon ► sotto □ (volg.) hard-on, erezione ( del pene); ( slang) to have a hard-on for st., fare una passione per qc.; avere la fregola di qc. (fig.) □ to be hard on, ( di persona) essere duro (o scortese, sgarbato, severo) con (q.); ( di persona) logorare in fretta, maltrattare ( abiti, scarpe, ecc.); ( di cosa) essere dannoso, fare male a: Don't be too hard on your son, non essere troppo duro (o severo) con tuo figlio!; Sitting at a computer all day is hard on the eyes, stare davanti al computer tutto il giorno fa male agli occhi □ to be hard on sb. 's heels, essere alle calcagna di q. □ ( sci) hard-packed snow, neve compatta; neve dura □ (anat.) hard palate, palato duro □ ( nella ceramica) hard paste, pasta dura, pasta compatta □ hard-paste porcelain, porcellana dura □ hard porn, pornografia spinta □ hard-pressed, inseguito da vicino, incalzato; (fig.) oberato, sovraccarico; in difficoltà, alle strette: to be hard-pressed for money, essere a corto di denaro □ to be hard put ( to it) to do st., trovarsi in imbarazzo (o in difficoltà) a fare qc. □ (polit.) the hard right, l'estrema destra □ (ind.) hard rubber, ebanite □ hard science, scienza «dura»; scienze «dure» ( fondate su metodi rigorosi e sperimentali) □ hard science-fiction, fantascienza «dura» ( verosimile sul piano scientifico) □ (market.) ( the) hard-sell, vendita aggressiva □ (market.) hard selling, tecnica di vendita aggressiva □ hard-set, fermo, fisso, ben saldo; ( di cemento, ecc.) indurito; (fig.: di lineamenti) duro, rigido; ( di persona) caparbio, ostinato □ (autom. GB) hard shoulder, corsia d'emergenza ( d'autostrada) □ (mil., miss.) hard site, rampa di lancio protetta □ hard sleep, sonno duro (o profondo) □ (metall.) hard solder, lega per brasatura (o per saldatura forte) □ (naut.) Hard starboard!, tutto a dritta! □ (fam.) the hard stuff, i superalcolici; ( anche) la droga pesante □ ( sport) a hard team to beat, la squadra da battere; un osso duro (fig.) □ hard to please, difficile da contentare; esigente □ hard-to-reach, difficile da raggiungere; di difficile accesso □ hard up, a corto di quattrini; al verde; ( anche) in fregola, eccitato; allupato (fam.) □ hard up for, a corto di, giù a (fam.): I'm hard up for ideas, sono a corto d'idee □ (lett.) hard upon, subito dopo; poco dopo □ hard wear, uso intenso ( d'abiti e sim.) □ ( d'abito e sim.) hard-wearing, robusto; resistente all'uso □ hard-wired ► hardwired □ ( anche mil. e sport) hard-won, contrastato; ottenuto a caro prezzo □ hard-working, laborioso, operoso □ (fig.) to be (as) hard as nails, essere forte, muscoloso; essere duro di cuore, insensibile □ (fig.) to come hard, essere dura: It comes hard to say goodbye, è dura dire addio □ to die hard, ( di un'abitudine e sim.) essere duro a morire; ( di una persona) vendere la pelle a caro prezzo □ to do st. the hard way, fare da sé, ma con fatica; imparare a fare qc. con la dura pratica □ to freeze hard, diventare solido per il gelo; gelare □ to get hard, indurirsi; solidificarsi □ (fam.) to give sb. a hard time, rendere la vita difficile a q.; fare soffrire q.; farla trovare lunga a q. (fam.) □ to go hard with sb., essere dura (o un duro colpo) per q. □ to have a hard time, passarsela male; essere nei guai □ to have a hard time doing st., avere difficoltà a fare qc., trovare duro fare qc. (fam.) □ to learn st. the hard way, imparare qc. a proprie spese □ (fam.) to play hard to get, farsi desiderare; fare il prezioso (fam.) □ to take st. hard, prendere male qc., essere sconvolto da qc. □ (pop. Austral. e NZ) to put the hard word on sb., chiedere soldi a q.; ( anche) fare un'avance sessuale a q.; ( anche) minacciare q. □ to take a ( long) hard look at st., esaminare qc. con calma; ponderare (su) qc. □ too hard to take, troppo forte; troppo scioccante; indigesto. -
10 breathe
[briːð] 1.3) (whisper) mormorare, sussurrare4) (inspire with) infondere [hope, life] ( into in)2.1) respirareto breathe hard o heavily avere il fiatone; to breathe more easily — fig. tirare il fiato
2) (exhale, blow)to breathe on sth. — soffiare su qcs
3) [ wine] respirare•••to breathe down sb.'s neck — colloq. stare addosso a qcn.; tallonare qcn.
* * *[bri:ð]1) (to draw in and let out (air etc) from the lungs: He was unable to breathe because of the smoke; She breathed a sigh of relief.) respirare; emettere2) (to tell (a secret): Don't breathe a word of this to anyone.) fiatare•- breather* * *[briːð] 1.3) (whisper) mormorare, sussurrare4) (inspire with) infondere [hope, life] ( into in)2.1) respirareto breathe hard o heavily avere il fiatone; to breathe more easily — fig. tirare il fiato
2) (exhale, blow)to breathe on sth. — soffiare su qcs
3) [ wine] respirare•••to breathe down sb.'s neck — colloq. stare addosso a qcn.; tallonare qcn.
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11 breathe
{bri:ð}
1. дишам
to BREATHE in/out вдишвам/издишвам
to BREATHE (freely) again отдъхвам си, успокоявам се
to BREATHE a sigh of relief въздъхвам с облекчение
to BREATHE into вдъхвам (вяpa, смелост и пр.) у
2. живея, съществувам
all that BREATHEs всичко живо
to BREATHE one's last издъхвам, умирам
3. поемам си дъха, съвземам се
to BREATHE a horse оставям кон да си почине
4. шепна, мълвя, промълвям, изказвам
not to BREATHE a word запазвам пълна тайна, не казвам ни дума
5. излъчвам, изпускам, лъхам, вея, духам, пръскам (аромат и пр.)
to BREATHE health пръщя от/излъчвам здраве
6. ез. произнасям (звук) без вибрации на гласните струни
to BREATHE down someone's neck следя/наблюдавам отблизо/ходя по петите на някого
to BREATHE upon прен. петня, черня* * *{bri:} v 1. дишам; to breathe in/out вдишвам/издишвам; to breathe (freel* * *шепна; вея; промълвявам; дишам; лъхам; мълвя;* * *1. all that breathes всичко живо 2. not to breathe a word запазвам пълна тайна, не казвам ни дума 3. to breathe (freely) again отдъхвам си, успокоявам се 4. to breathe... into вдъхвам (вяpa, смелост и пр.) у 5. to breathe a horse оставям кон да си почине 6. to breathe a sigh of relief въздъхвам с облекчение 7. to breathe down someone's neck следя/наблюдавам отблизо/ходя по петите на някого 8. to breathe health пръщя от/излъчвам здраве 9. to breathe in/out вдишвам/издишвам 10. to breathe one's last издъхвам, умирам 11. to breathe upon прен. петня, черня 12. дишам 13. ез. произнасям (звук) без вибрации на гласните струни 14. живея, съществувам 15. излъчвам, изпускам, лъхам, вея, духам, пръскам (аромат и пр.) 16. поемам си дъха, съвземам се 17. шепна, мълвя, промълвям, изказвам* * *breathe[bri:ð] v 1. дишам, поемам дъх; to \breathe hard запъхтявам се, задъхвам се, дишам тежко, трудно; духам с пълни гърди; to \breathe in ( out) the air вдишвам (издишвам) въздух; to \breathe air into s.th. вкарвам въздух в нещо, надувам; to \breathe again, to \breathe freely прен. отдъхвам си, въздъхвам с облекчение; to \breathe a sigh of relief въздъхвам с облекчение; to \breathe down s.o.'s neck дишам във врата на някого; преследвам; тормозя; 2. живея, съществувам; all that \breathes всичко живо; the best man that ever \breatheed най-добрият човек, който някога е живял; to \breathe o.'s last издъхвам, умирам; 3. съвземам се, поемам си дъх; to \breathe a horse оставям кон да си почине; 4. шепна, промълвявам, мълвя; изказвам; бълвам; изпускам; излъчвам; лъхам, вея; духам (за вятър, инструмент); the spirit that \breathes through his work духът, който лъха от творчеството му, духът, с който е пропито творчеството му; not to \breathe a word мълча, пазя (не издавам) тайна; не казвам нито дума, гък не казвам; to \breathe forth perfume благоухая, пръскам аромат (за цвете); to \breathe simplicity издавам, излъчвам скромност; изтъкан съм от скромност; 5. ез. произнасям ( звук) без глас; 6.: \breathe into вдъхвам, прен. внушавам, повлиявам, будя; to \breathe courage into s.o. вдъхвам кураж, смелост у някого; to \breathe new life into a conversation съживявам разговор; • to \breathe upon прен. опетнявам, оклеветявам, злепоставям, позоря. -
12 breathe
/bri:ð/ * ngoại động từ - hít, thở - thốt ra, nói lộ ra =don't breathe a word of this+ đừng nói lộ ra một lời nào về việc này - thở ra =to breathe a sigh+ thở dài =to breathe one's last [breath]+ trút hơi thở cuối cùng, chết - truyền thổi vào =to breathe new life into+ truyền sức sống mới cho - biểu lộ, toát ra, tỏ ra =to breathe innocence+ tỏ ra ngây thơ =to breathe simplicity+ biểu lộ sự giản dị - để cho thở, để cho lấy hơi =to breathe a horse+ để cho ngựa nghỉ lấy hơi - làm (ai) hết hơi, làm (ai) mệt đứt hơi * nội động từ - thở, hô hấp =to breathe in+ thở vào, hít vào =to breathe out+ thở ra =to breathe hard+ thở hổn hển, thở gấp =to breathe again+ lại thở được; hoàn hồn, hết sợ - sống, hình như còn sống - thổi nhẹ (gió) - nói nhỏ, nói thì thào - nói lên !to breath upon - làm mờ, làm lu mờ (tiếng tăm...) -
13 hard
1. n твёрдая мощёная или бетонированная дорожкаhard page break — «твёрдая» граница страницы
hard copy — удобочитаемый, печатный или машинописный текст
2. n твёрдый грунт, по которому можно пройти через топкое болотоhard court — твёрдое поле, корт с твёрдым покрытием
3. n звонкая монета4. n сл. каторгаimprisonment at hard labour — лишение свободы с каторжными работами; каторжные работы, каторга
5. n разг. прессованный табак6. a жёсткий, неприятный на ощупьa hard unwilling man — жёсткий, упрямый человек
7. a трудный, тяжёлый; требующий напряженияhard cases make bad law — трудные дела — плохая основа для законодательства, запутанные дела не могут служить прецедентом
8. a такой, с которым трудно; с трудом поддающийсяthings hard to imagine — вещи, которые трудно себе представить
9. a крепкий, закалённый, сильный10. a строгий, суровый; безжалостный, жестокий11. a тяжёлый, трудныйis hard — трудный; твердый
are hard — трудный; твердый
12. a тяжёлый, суровый, полный трудностей и лишений13. a суровый, холодный14. a резкий; грубый; неприятный15. a усердный, упорный; прилежный16. a не знающий удержу, усиленно предающийся17. a стойкий, устойчивыйhard fault — устойчивая неисправность; отказ
18. a спец. стойкий, не поддающийся биологическому распаду19. a звонкий20. a реальный; практичный, лишённый романтики; приземлённыйhard common sense — грубый практицизм; жёсткий рационализм
21. a жёсткий, частыйshe abbreviated so much that it was hard to understand her letters — она так часто сокращала слова, что её письма было трудно понимать
22. a крепко завязанный23. a амер. крепкий; алкогольный24. a разг. кислый, терпкий25. a спец. контрастныйhard light — фото, кино «жёсткий» свет
26. a густой, тягучий27. a физ. проникающий, жёсткий28. a фон. твёрдый29. a создающий привыканиеno hard feelings? — вы не обиделись?; вы не будете на меня обижаться?
hard knocks — удары судьбы; напасти, несчастья
he took some hard knocks — ему не везло; несчастья сваливались на него одно за другим
hard lines — незадача, невезение; полоса неудач
hard and fast — непоколебимый; твёрдый; жёсткий ; строго определённый; незыблемый, раз навсегда установленный
hard of hearing — тугоухий; тугой на ухо, глуховатый
30. adv сильно, интенсивно; энергичноextremely hard — настойчиво; энергичный
31. adv настойчиво, упорно; усердноhard sell — навязывание товара; настойчивое рекламирование; броская реклама
32. adv твёрдо, крепко; накрепкоto hold hard — крепко держать или держаться, не отпускать
33. adv вкрутую34. adv тяжело, с трудомto take hard — принимать близко к сердцу; тяжело переживать
35. adv неумеренно, чрезмерноto drink hard — крепко выпивать; пить запоем
36. adv близко, на небольшом расстоянии; околоhard at hand — близко, рядом
hard by — близко; рядом
37. adv мор. круто, до отказаСинонимический ряд:1. actual (adj.) absolute; actual; factual; genuine; positive; sure-enough2. alcoholic (adj.) alcoholic; ardent; inebriating; intoxicating; spirituous; stimulating; strong3. arduous (adj.) arduous; difficile; exhausting; fatiguing; labored; operose; serious; slavish; sticky; strenuous; terrible; toilful; toilsome; uphill; wearisome4. complicated (adj.) complex; complicated; effortful; enigmatic; formidable; intricate; perplexing; puzzling5. cruel (adj.) cruel; grinding; oppressive; rough; stony; unmerciful; unrelenting; unsparing6. grim (adj.) austere; bitter; bleak; brutal; dour; grim; stringent7. hardy (adj.) casehardened; hardened; hardy; rugged; tough8. heavy (adj.) heavy; hefty9. insensible (adj.) anesthetic; bloodless; dull; impassible; insensate; insensible; insensitive; rocky10. intense (adj.) intense; powerful; violent11. intensive (adj.) blood-and-guts; deep; intensive; profound12. irrefutable (adj.) incontrovertible; irrefutable; undeniable13. realistic (adj.) down-to-earth; earthy; hard-boiled; hardheaded; hard-headed; matter-of-fact; objective; practic; practical; pragmatic; pragmatical; realistic; sober; tough-minded; unfantastic; unidealistic; unromantic; utilitarian14. severe (adj.) adamant; exacting; hard hearted; indifferent; intemperate; relentless; rigorous; severe15. shrewd (adj.) callous; shrewd; unsentimental; unsympathetic16. solid (adj.) adamantine; compact; firm; flinty; impenetrable; inflexible; resistant; resisting; rigid; solid17. stormy (adj.) inclement; stormy; tempestuous; vigorous; vigourous18. taxing (adj.) backbreaking; burdensome; demanding; difficult; knotty; laborious; onerous; taxing; trying; weighty19. unfriendly (adj.) harsh; unfriendly; unkind; unpleasant20. arduously (other) arduously; burdensomely; difficultly; laboriously; onerously; toilsomely21. assiduously (other) assiduously; dingdong; exhaustively; intensely; intensively; painstakingly; thoroughly; unremittingly22. badly (other) badly; gallingly; harshly; painfully; rigorously; roughly; severely; with difficulty23. bitterly (other) bitterly; keenly; rancorously; resentfully; sorely24. close (other) at close hand; close; near; nearby; nigh25. closely (other) closely; searchingly; sharply26. earnestly (other) earnestly; incessantly; intently27. energetically (other) energetically; forcefully; forcibly; hammer and tongs; might and main; mightily; powerfully; strongly; vigorously; with might and main28. fast (other) fast; firm; firmly; fixedly; hardly; solid; solidly; steadfastly; tight; tightly29. fiercely (other) fiercely; frantically; frenziedly; furiously; madly; stormily; tumultuously; turbulently; vigourously; violently; wildlyАнтонимический ряд:brittle; compassionate; delicate; ductile; easy; effeminate; elastic; fair; feeble; fluid; frail; gentle; impressible; intelligible; lenient; mild; simple; soft -
14 hard
1. [hɑ:d] n1. 1) твёрдая мощёная или бетонированная дорожка2) твёрдый грунт, по которому можно пройти через топкое болото2. звонкая монета3. сл. каторга4. разг. прессованный табак5. = hard-on2. [hɑ:d] a♢
when hard comes to hard - когда будет совсем плохо, в худшем случае1. 1) твёрдыйhard palate - анат. твёрдое нёбо
to get /to grow/ hard - затвердевать; черстветь; грубеть
2) жёсткий, неприятный на ощупьhard silk - текст. необесклеенный кручёный шёлк
3) жёсткий ( о воде)2. 1) трудный, тяжёлый; требующий напряженияhard work - тяжёлая /изнурительная/ работа
hard usage - спец. тяжёлые условия эксплуатации
hard case - трудное дело [ср. тж. 2)]
hard cases make bad law - трудные дела - плохая основа для законодательства, запутанные дела не могут служить прецедентом
I find it hard to believe that he could do that - мне трудно поверить, что он мог так поступить
2) такой, с которым трудно (сделать что-л.); с трудом поддающийсяhard case - а) тяжёлый случай; б) закоренелый преступник; [ср. тж. 1)]
things hard to imagine - вещи, которые трудно себе представить
a book that is hard reading - книга, которую трудно читать /которая читается с трудом/
3. крепкий, закалённый, сильныйto get hard by taking regular exercise - окрепнуть физически благодаря регулярной тренировке
4. 1) строгий, суровый; безжалостный, жестокийto be hard on a person - быть строгим /суровым/ с кем-л., держать кого-л. в строгости
to be hard on one's clothes - плохо обращаться с одеждой, не беречь одежду
2) тяжёлый, трудный ( о характере)5. тяжёлый, суровый, полный трудностей и лишенийhard lines /lot, luck/ - горькая судьба
6. суровый, холодныйhard winter - холодная /суровая/ зима
7. резкий; грубый; неприятныйhard eye - завистливый /жёсткий/ взгляд
hard words - резкости, резкие выражения
to say hard things to smb. - говорить резкости кому-л.
to call smb. hard names - резко отзываться о ком-л.; не стесняться в выражениях
to entertain hard thoughts of smb. - быть о ком-л. плохого мнения
8. 1) усердный, упорный; прилежный2) не знающий удержу, усиленно предающийся (чему-л.)hard rider - неутомимый /страстный/ ездок
hard drinker - пропойца, пьяница
9. 1) стойкий, устойчивый2) спец. стойкий, не поддающийся биологическому распаду10. жадный, алчный, скупой11. 1) звонкий ( о монете)hard cash /амер. money/ - а) наличные; б) звонкая монета; [см. тж. 2)]
2) фин. твёрдыйhard money - твёрдая /прочная/ валюта [см. тж. 1)]
12. реальный; практичный, лишённый романтики; приземлённыйhard common sense - грубый практицизм; жёсткий рационализм
hard facts - реальные /голые/ факты
they have hard heads - ≅ они трезво смотрят на жизнь
13. 1) жёсткий, частый ( о пульсе)2) сильный ( о кашле)3) крепко завязанный ( об узле)14. 1) амер. крепкий; алкогольныйhard liquors /drinks/ - спиртные напитки
2) разг. кислый, терпкий (о вине, пиве)15. спец. контрастныйhard image - тлв. контрастное изображение
hard light - фото, кино «жёсткий» свет
hard negative - фото жёсткий /контрастный/ негатив
hard paper [print] - фото контрастная фотобумага [-ый отпечаток]
16. густой, тягучий ( о жидкостях)hard fat - тех. консистентная смазка
17. физ. проникающий, жёсткий ( об излучении)18. фон. твёрдый ( о согласном)19. создающий привыкание (о лекарствах, наркотиках и т. п.)20. защищённый (о стартовой позиции, пусковой площадке)♢
hard labour /works/ - каторжные работы, каторгаa hard nut to crack - а) трудная задача; неразрешимая проблема; б) крепкий орешек ( о человеке)
no hard feelings? - вы не обиделись?; вы не будете на меня обижаться?
hard knocks - амер. разг. удары судьбы; напасти, несчастья
he took some /a few/ hard knocks - ему не везло; несчастья сваливались на него одно за другим
hard lines - разг. незадача, невезение; полоса неудач
I'm not getting a holiday this year. - Hard lines (on you)! - у меня в этом году не будет отпуска. - (Тебе) не повезло!
hard cheese - разг. невезение
hard and fast - непоколебимый; твёрдый; жёсткий ( о правилах); строго определённый; незыблемый, раз навсегда установленный
a hard and fast contract - нерушимый /прочный/ договор
hard of hearing - тугоухий; тугой на ухо, глуховатый
hard of belief - книжн. недоверчивый
hard as adamant - ≅ твёрдый как гранит
hard as a bone /as iron/ - твёрдый как камень
he is as hard as flint - ≅ у него не сердце, а камень
3. [hɑ:d] advhard as nails - а) жестокий, бесчувственный; б) выносливый; стойкий; в форме ( о спортсмене)
1. сильно, интенсивно; энергичноto hit hard - здорово стукнуть, ударить изо всей силы
2. настойчиво, упорно; усердноto be hard at work on smth. - быть поглощённым работой над чем-л.
to think hard - упорно /долго/ думать
to try hard to win - упорно /настойчиво/ добиваться победы (на состязаниях, в игре и т. п.)
to look /to stare, to gaze/ hard - уставиться; не сводить глаз
3. 1) твёрдо, крепко; накрепкоto hold hard - крепко держать или держаться, не отпускать
2) вкрутую4. тяжело, с трудомto take hard - принимать близко к сердцу; тяжело переживать
it comes /bears/ hard on him - ему трудно придётся
taxes that bear hard upon the poor - налоги, которые тяжёлым бременем ложатся на бедняков
5. неумеренно, чрезмерноto drink hard - крепко выпивать; пить запоем
to swear hard - ругаться последними словами /на чём свет стоит/
6. близко, на небольшом расстоянии; околоhard at hand - близко, рядом
to follow /to be/ hard after /behind, upon/ - следовать по пятам
he lives hard by - он живёт недалеко отсюда /совсем рядом/
he is hard on /upon/ fifty - ему скоро пятьдесят (лет); ему под пятьдесят
7. мор. круто, до отказа ( о повороте руля)hard over helm! - руль на борт!
hard a-port [a-starboard]! - право [лево] руля!
♢
to die hard - а) дорого отдать свою жизнь, сопротивляться до конца; б) долго /трудно, мучительно/ умиратьhard pressed /pushed/ - в трудном положении
to be hard pressed for time [money] - иметь мало времени [денег]
he was hard put to conceal his irritation - он с трудом скрывал раздражение
hard put for a livelihood - ≅ биться как рыба об лёд
he is hard done by - с ним плохо /несправедливо/ обошлись
-
15 breathe
to breathe out threats — изрыгать угрозы; дышать угрозой
-
16 hard
[hɑːd] 1. adj1) тверди́й; жорстки́йhard disk комп. — жорстки́й диск
2) суво́рийhard discipline — суво́ра дисциплі́на
hard winter — суво́ра зима́
3) важки́й, тяжки́й ( про працю)hard labour — ка́торжні робо́ти
4) си́льний ( про удар)5) стара́нний, наполе́гливий6) тяжки́й, спо́внений тру́днощів і неста́тківhard times — тяжкі́ часи́
hard lines — тяжка́ до́ля; тяжки́й і́спит
7) різки́й, неприє́мний ( про звук тощо)8) пе́вний, підтве́рдженийhard fact — незапере́чний факт
9) скупи́й, пожа́дливий10) стійки́йhard currency — тверда́ (конверто́вана) валю́та
11) густи́й ( про рідину)12) фіз. жорстки́й, проникни́й ( про радіацію)13) контра́стний ( про зображення)14) фон. глухи́й ( звук)••hard and fast — тверди́й, негнучки́й; жо́рсткий, то́чно встано́влений ( про правило)
hard bargain — неви́гідна (каба́льна) уго́да
hard cash — готі́вка, дзвінка́ моне́та
2. advhard on smb. — суво́рий (несправедли́вий) до ко́гось
1) мі́цно, си́льноit rained hard — ішо́в вели́кий дощ
2) наполе́гливо, впе́рто, енергі́йноto try hard — впе́рто намага́тися, ду́же стара́тися
3) надмі́рно4) суво́ро, жорсто́ко5) наси́луto breathe hard — тя́жко ди́хати, задиха́тися
••hard by — бли́зько, по́руч
3. nto be hard pressed for time [money] — ма́ти ду́же ма́ло часу́ (гро́шей)
1) брід2) розм. ка́торга -
17 hard
hard [hɑ:d]dur ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 2 (a) difficile ⇒ 1 (b) froid ⇒ 1 (c) rude ⇒ 1 (c) concret ⇒ 1 (d) fort ⇒ 2 (a) difficilement ⇒ 2 (b) durement ⇒ 2 (c)(a) (not soft → substance, light, colour) dur;∎ to get or to become hard durcir;∎ rock hard, (as) hard as rock dur comme la pierre;∎ his muscles are rock hard or (as) hard as rock ses muscles sont durs comme le fer, il a des muscles d'acier;∎ she is (as) hard as nails (emotionally) elle est dure, elle n'a pas de cœur; (physically) c'est une dure à cuire(b) (difficult → question, problem etc) difficile, dur;∎ the laws make it hard to leave the country à cause des lois, il est difficile de quitter le pays;∎ to have a hard fight or struggle on one's hands avoir une lourde tâche devant soi;∎ it's hard to explain c'est difficile ou dur à expliquer;∎ I find it hard to understand/believe that... je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi/croire que...;∎ it's hard to say c'est difficile à dire;∎ he's hard to get on with il n'est pas facile à vivre;∎ she is hard to please (never satisfied) elle est difficile; (difficult to buy gifts for etc) c'est difficile de lui faire plaisir;∎ it's hard to beat on trouve difficilement mieux;∎ it's hard to beat a good Bordeaux il n'y a rien de meilleur qu'un bon bordeaux;∎ the hardest part of the job is done le plus dur est fait;∎ life is hard c'est dur, la vie;∎ times are hard les temps sont durs ou difficiles;∎ these are hard times for all of us c'est une période difficile pour tout le monde;∎ to fall on hard times (financially) connaître des temps difficiles ou une période de vaches maigres; (have difficult times) connaître des temps difficiles, en voir de dures;∎ to give sb a hard time en faire voir de dures à qn;∎ the boss has just been giving me a hard time le patron vient de me faire passer un mauvais quart d'heure;∎ come on, don't give me a hard time! allez, laisse-moi tranquille!;∎ you'll have a hard time (of it) persuading him to do that tu vas avoir du mal à le convaincre de faire cela;∎ she had a hard time of it after her mother's death elle a traversé une période difficile après la mort de sa mère;∎ she had a hard time of it when she was a child la vie n'était pas drôle pour elle quand elle était enfant;∎ she had a hard time of it (in childbirth, operation) elle a souffert;∎ to learn sth the hard way (involving personal loss, suffering etc) apprendre qch à ses dépens; (in a difficult way) faire le rude apprentissage de qch;∎ I learnt the hard way not to be underinsured j'ai appris à mes dépens qu'il ne faut pas être sous-assuré;∎ I learnt skiing the hard way j'ai appris à skier à la dure;∎ I learnt my seamanship the hard way j'ai fait le rude apprentissage du métier de marin;∎ some people always have to do things the hard way il y a des gens qui choisissent toujours la difficulté;∎ to play hard to get (flirt) jouer les insaisissables;∎ humorous their financial expert is playing hard to get leur expert financier semble jouer à cache-cache;∎ the hard of hearing les malentendants mpl;∎ to be hard of hearing être dur d'oreille;∎ a glass of wine, or would you prefer a drop of the hard stuff? un verre de vin, ou bien préféreriez-vous une goutte de quelque chose de plus fort?;∎ keep off the hard stuff évitez les boissons fortes(c) (severe → voice, face, eyes) dur, froid; (→ climate, winter) rigoureux, rude; (→ frost) fort, rude;∎ to be hard on sb être dur avec qn;∎ children are hard on their shoes les enfants font subir de mauvais traitements à leurs chaussures;∎ it's hard on the nerves c'est dur pour les nerfs;∎ it was hard on the others ça a été dur pour les autres;∎ it's hardest on the children le plus dur, c'est pour les enfants;∎ to be a hard taskmaster être dur à la tâche;∎ to take a long hard look at sth examiner qch de près;∎ you should take a long hard look at yourself tu devrais bien te regarder;∎ it's a hard blow for him c'est un coup terrible pour lui;∎ no hard feelings? tu ne m'en veux pas?;∎ familiar hard luck!, British hard cheese!, hard lines! pas de chance!□, pas de veine!, pas de bol!;∎ it will be hard luck if he doesn't get the job ça ne sera pas de veine ou de bol s'il n'obtient pas le travail;∎ don't give me any of your hard luck stories ne me raconte pas tes malheurs;∎ he gave me some hard luck story about having lost his investments il a essayé de m'apitoyer en me racontant qu'il avait perdu l'argent qu'il avait investi;∎ familiar a hard nut or man un dur∎ the hard fact is that there isn't enough money la vérité, c'est qu'il n'y a pas assez d'argent;∎ the argument was not backed up by any hard fact l'argument ne s'appuyait sur rien de concret∎ it's been a long hard day la journée a été longue;∎ it's hard work c'est dur;∎ it was hard work to convince him j'ai eu fort à faire pour le convaincre;∎ she's hard work (difficult to get on with) elle n'est pas facile à vivre; (difficult to make conversation with) elle n'est pas causante;∎ she's not afraid of hard work le travail ne lui fait pas peur;∎ the climb was hard going la montée était rude;∎ it's hard going making conversation with him c'est difficile de discuter avec lui∎ she's a hard worker c'est un bourreau de travail;∎ he's a hard drinker c'est un gros buveur, il boit beaucoup;∎ he's a hard charger c'est un fonceur;∎ give it a good hard shove pousse-le un bon coup, pousse-le fort2 adverb(a) (strenuously → pull, push, hit, breathe) fort; (→ work) dur; (→ run) à toutes jambes; (→ listen) attentivement;∎ to work hard at sth beaucoup travailler qch;∎ to work hard at improving one's service/French beaucoup travailler pour améliorer son service/français;∎ to work sb hard faire travailler qn dur;∎ he works hard and plays hard il se dépense beaucoup dans son travail et dans ses loisirs;∎ you'll have to try harder il faudra que tu fasses plus d'efforts;∎ to try hard to do sth essayer de son mieux de faire qch;∎ try hard! fais de ton mieux!;∎ to think hard beaucoup réfléchir;∎ think hard! réfléchis bien!;∎ think harder! réfléchis un peu plus!;∎ we can't find it - well, look harder! nous ne le trouvons pas - et bien cherchez mieux!;∎ you didn't look very hard! tu n'as pas bien cherché;∎ to look hard at sb regarder qn bien en face;∎ to look hard at sth examiner qch;∎ as hard as possible, as hard as one can (work, try) le plus qu'on peut; (push, hit, squeeze) de toutes ses forces;∎ Nautical hard astern! arrière, toute!;∎ Cars she hauled the wheel hard over elle a braqué à fond;∎ Cars to turn hard to the left braquer à gauche, faire un virage très sec vers la gauche;∎ to swim hard for the shore nager de toutes ses forces vers le rivage;(b) (with difficulty) difficilement;∎ to be hard put or pushed or pressed to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch;∎ you'll be hard put to find a shop open at this time tu vas avoir du mal à trouver une boutique ouverte à cette heure-ci;∎ old habits die hard les vieilles habitudes ont la vie dure(c) (harshly, severely → treat someone) durement, sévèrement; (→ rain) à verse; (→ freeze, snow) fort;∎ he's feeling hard done by il a l'impression d'avoir été injustement traité;∎ to be hard hit by sth être durement touché par qch;∎ she took the news/his death pretty hard la nouvelle/sa mort l'a beaucoup éprouvée;∎ old-fashioned it'll go hard with him if he keeps telling lies ça va aller mal pour lui s'il continue à raconter des mensonges∎ the ground was frozen hard le gel avait complètement durci la terre;∎ to set hard (concrete, mortar) prendre∎ to follow hard on the heels of sb être sur les talons de qn;∎ to follow or to come hard on the heels of sth suivre qch de très près∎ hard up (short of money) fauché, à sec;∎ to be hard up for ideas manquer d'idées□, être à court d'idées□ ;∎ to be hard up for volunteers manquer de volontaires□ ;∎ figurative you must be hard up if you're going out with him! il faut vraiment que tu n'aies rien à te mettre sous la dent pour sortir avec lui!3 noun∎ to try one's hardest faire de son mieuxold-fashioned tout près de►► Typography & Computing hard carriage return retour m chariot obligatoire;hard cash (argent m) liquide m;American hard cider cidre m;hard coal anthracite m;Finance hard commodities minerais mpl;Linguistics hard consonant consonne f dure;Computing hard copy copie f sur papier, sortie f papier;hard core (nucleus) noyau m dur; Building industry empierrement m; Music hard rock m inv, hard m inv; (pornography) porno m hard;British Sport hard court (for tennis) court m en ciment;hard currency monnaie f ou devise f forte;∎ a hard currency shop un magasin où on paye en devises;Computing hard disk disque m dur;Computing hard disk drive, hard drive unité f de disque dur;hard drug drogue f dure;Horseriding hard gallop galop m soutenu;hard hat (of construction worker) casque m; American familiar (construction worker) ouvrier(ère) m,f du bâtiment;hard hat area = zone où le port du casque est obligatoire;∎ hard hat area (sign) port du casque obligatoire;Typography & Computing hard hyphen césure f imposée, trait m d'union imposé;hard labour (UNCOUNT) travaux mpl forcés;hard landing (by spacecraft) atterrissage m avec impact; figurative (during economic crisis) atterrissage m brutal;Metallurgy hard lead plomb m aigre;Politics the hard left l'extrême gauche;hard line ligne f de conduite dure;∎ to take a hard line on sb/sth adopter une ligne de conduite dure avec qn/sur qch;hard liquor spiritueux mpl;Finance hard loan prêt m aux conditions du marché;Press hard news nouvelles fpl sûres ou vérifiées;Veterinary medicine hard pad coussinet m dur;Typography & Computing hard page break fin f de page obligatoire;Anatomy hard palate voûte f du palais, palais m dur;hard porn porno m hard, hard m inv;Computing hard reset réinitialisation f totale de la machine;Typography & Computing hard return saut m de ligne manuel;Politics the hard right l'extrême droit;Music hard rock hard rock m inv, hard m inv; esp American Cookery hard sauce = sauce au beurre, au sucre et au brandy ou au rhum servie avec le pudding;hard science science f dure;hard sell vente f agressive;∎ to give sth the hard sell promouvoir qch de façon agressive;∎ the salesman gave us the hard sell le vendeur a essayé de nous forcer la main;hard sell approach, hard sell tactics méthode f de vente agressive;Cars hard shoulder bande f d'arrêt d'urgence;hard space espace m insécable;hard water eau f calcaire ou dure -
18 breathe
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19 hard
1. adjective1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro; sólido2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difícil3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) severo; rudo; seco4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, severo, riguroso5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) duro, difícil6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) dura
2. adverb1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) duro, con ahínco2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) fuerte, fuertemente3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) fijamente4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) completamente, totalmente•- harden- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up
hard1 adj1. duro2. difícilhard2 adv1. mucho2. duro / fuertehit him hard! ¡pégale duro!tr[hɑːd]2 (difficult) difícil3 (harsh) severo,-a4 (work) arduo,-a, penoso,-a, agotador,-ra5 figurative use cruel, rudo,-a6 (fight, match) reñido,-a, disputado,-a; (decision) injusto,-a8 (final decision) definitivo,-a, irrevocable; (person) severo,-a, inflexible9 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL fuerte1 (forcibly) fuerte; (diligently) mucho, de firme, concienzudamente, con ahínco\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLhard of hearing duro,-a de oídoto be hard done by sentirse mal tratado,-a, ser tratado,-a injustamenteto be hard hit by figurative use quedar muy afectado,-a porto be hard on somebody figurative use tratar a alguien con severidad, tratar a alguien con durezato be hard on somebody's heels figurative use pisar los talones a alguiento be hard pushed to do something figurative use verse apurado,-a para realizar algoto be hard up familiar estar sin blancato drive a hard bargain figurative use negociar con durezato have a hard time familiar pasarlo canutas, pasarlo malto take something very hard tomar algo muy a pecho, encajar algo muy malto work hard trabajar muchohard drinker bebedor,-ra empedernido,-ahard evidence pruebas nombre femenino plural definitivashard labour trabajos nombre masculino plural forzadoshard luck mala suertehard ['hɑrd] adv1) forcefully: fuerte, con fuerzathe wind blew hard: el viento sopló fuerte2) strenuously: duro, muchoto work hard: trabajar duro3)to take something hard : tomarse algo muy mal, estar muy afectado por algohard adj1) firm, solid: duro, firme, sólido2) difficult: difícil, arduo3) severe: severo, duroa hard winter: un invierno severo4) unfeeling: insensible, duro5) diligent: diligenteto be a hard worker: ser muy trabajador6)hard liquor : bebidas fpl fuertes7)hard water : agua f duraadj.• arduo, -a adj.• calloso, -a adj.• dificultoso, -a adj.• difícil adj.• duro, -a adj.• endurecido, -a adj.• firme adj.• fuerte adj.• laborioso, -a adj.• peliagudo, -a adj.• recio, -a adj.• rudo, -a adj.• sólido, -a adj.• terco, -a adj.• tieso, -a adj.adv.• apretadamente adv.• difícilmente adv.• duro adv.• mucho adv.• recio adv.• tieso adv.
I hɑːrd, hɑːdadjective -er, -est1)a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duroto set hard — endurecerse*
to freeze hard — helarse*
b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte2)he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente
b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severoto give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien
c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible3) (concentrated, strenuous)to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo
5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro6)a) ( in strongest forms)hard drugs — drogas fpl duras
hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes
b) ( Fin)hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte
c) < water> durod) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte
II
adverb -er, -est1)a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerteb) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramenteto be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor
2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente3) ( severely)[hɑːd]to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente
1. ADJ(compar harder) (superl hardest)1) (=not soft) [object, substance, cheese, skin] duro; [ground, snow] duro, compacto•
to become or go hard — ponerse duro, endurecerse•
the water is very hard here — aquí el agua es muy dura or tiene mucha cal- be as hard as nails- as hard as a rocknut2) (=harsh, severe) [climate, winter, person] duro, severo; [frost] fuerte; [words, tone] duro, áspero; [expression, eyes, voice] serio, duro; [drink, liquor] fuerte; [drugs] duro; [fact] concreto; [evidence] irrefutable•
a hard blow — (fig) un duro golpe•
to take a long hard look at sth — examinar algo detenidamente•
to be hard on sb — ser muy duro con algn, darle duro a algn (LAm)don't be so hard on him, it's not his fault — no seas tan duro con él, no es culpa suya
aren't you being a bit hard on yourself? — ¿no estás siendo un poco duro contigo mismo?
- be as hard as nailsfeeling3) (=strenuous, tough) [work, day] duro; [fight, match] muy reñidophew, that was hard work! — ¡uf!, ¡ha costado lo suyo!
coping with three babies is very hard work — tres bebés dan mucha tarea or mucho trabajo, arreglárselas con tres bebés es una dura or ardua tarea
it's hard work getting her to talk about herself — cuesta mucho or resulta muy trabajoso hacerla hablar sobre sí misma
4) (=difficult) [exam, decision, choice] difícilto be hard to do: it's hard to study on your own — es difícil estudiar por tu cuenta
I find it hard to believe that... — me cuesta (trabajo) creer que...
bargain, play 3., 4)to be hard to please — ser muy exigente or quisquilloso
5) (=tough, unpleasant) [life, times] duroit's a hard life! — ¡qué vida más dura!
those were hard times to live in — aquellos eran tiempos duros, la vida era dura en aquellos tiempos
- take a hard line against/over sthgoing, hard-line, hard-linerhard lines! — ¡qué mala suerte!, ¡qué mala pata! *
6) (=forceful) [push, tug, kick] fuerte7) (Phon, Ling) [sound] fuerte; [consonant] oclusivo2. ADV(compar harder) (superl hardest)1) (=with a lot of effort) [work] duro, mucho; [study] muchohe had worked hard all his life — había trabajado duro or mucho toda su vida
he works very hard — trabaja muy duro, trabaja mucho
he was hard at work in the garden — estaba trabajando afanosamente or con ahínco en el jardín
•
he was breathing hard — respiraba con dificultad•
we're saving hard for our holidays — estamos ahorrando todo lo que podemos para las vacaciones, estamos ahorrando al máximo para las vacaciones•
to try hard, she always tries hard — siempre se esfuerza muchoI can't do it, no matter how hard I try — no puedo hacerlo, por mucho que lo intente
to be hard at it —
Bill was hard at it in the garden * — Bill se estaba empleando a fondo en el jardín, Bill estaba dándole duro al jardín *
2) (=with force) [hit] fuerte, duro; [pull, push, blow] con fuerza; [snow, rain] fuerte, mucho•
the government decided to clamp down hard on terrorism — el gobierno decidió tomar medidas duras contra el terrorismo•
she was feeling hard done by — pensaba que la habían tratado injustamenteto hit sb hard — (fig) ser un duro golpe para algn
California has been (particularly) hard hit by the crisis — California (en particular) se ha visto seriamente afectada por la crisis
•
I would be hard pushed or put to think of another plan — me resultaría difícil pensar en otro planwe'll be hard pushed or put to finish this tonight! — ¡nos va a ser difícil terminar esto esta noche!
•
to take sth hard — tomarse algo muy mal *he took it pretty hard — se lo tomó muy mal, fue un duro golpe para él, le golpeó mucho (LAm)
•
to be hard up * — estar pelado *, no tener un duro (Sp) *hard-pressedto be hard up for sth — estar falto or escaso de algo
3) (=solid)•
to freeze hard — quedarse congelado4) (=intently) [listen] atentamente; [concentrate] al máximo•
to look hard (at sth) — fijarse mucho (en algo)•
think hard before you make a decision — piénsalo muy bien antes de tomar una decisiónI thought hard but I couldn't remember his name — por más que pensé or por más vueltas que le di no pude recordar su nombre
5) (=sharply)6) (=closely)•
hard behind sth — justo detrás de algoI hurried upstairs with my sister hard behind me — subí las escaleras corriendo con mi hermana que venía justo detrás
heelthe launch of the book followed hard upon the success of the film — el lanzamiento del libro se produjo justo después del éxito de la película
3.CPDhard centre, hard center (US) N — relleno m duro
hard cider (US) N — sidra f
hard copy N — (Comput) copia f impresa
hard-corethe hard core N — (=intransigents) los incondicionales, el núcleo duro
hard court N — (Tennis) cancha f (de tenis) de cemento, pista f (de tenis) de cemento
hard currency N — moneda f fuerte, divisa f fuerte
hard disk N — (Comput) disco m duro
hard goods NPL — productos mpl no perecederos
hard hat N — (=riding hat) gorra f de montar; [of construction worker] casco m; (=construction worker) albañil mf
hard landing N — aterrizaje m duro
the hard left N — (esp Brit) la extrema izquierda, la izquierda radical
hard luck N — mala suerte f
•
to be hard luck on sb, it was hard luck on him — tuvo mala suertehard luck! — ¡(qué) mala suerte!
hard palate N — paladar m
the hard right N — (esp Brit) la extrema derecha, la derecha radical
hard rock N — (Mus) rock m duro
hard sell tactics — táctica fsing de venta agresiva
hard sell techniques — técnicas fpl de venta agresiva
hard shoulder N — (Brit) (Aut) arcén m, hombrillo m
hard stuff * N — (=alcohol) alcohol m duro, bebidas fpl fuertes; (=drugs) droga f dura
hard top N — (=car) coche m no descapotable; (=car roof) techo m rígido
hard water N — agua f dura, agua f con mucha cal
* * *
I [hɑːrd, hɑːd]adjective -er, -est1)a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duroto set hard — endurecerse*
to freeze hard — helarse*
b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte2)he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente
b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severoto give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien
c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible3) (concentrated, strenuous)to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo
5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro6)a) ( in strongest forms)hard drugs — drogas fpl duras
hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes
b) ( Fin)hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte
c) < water> durod) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte
II
adverb -er, -est1)a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerteb) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramenteto be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor
2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente3) ( severely)to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente
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20 breathe
1. Iall that breathes все живое /живущее, существующее/2. IIbreathe in some manner breathe noisily (regularly, irregularly. etc.) дышать шумно и т. д.', I could hardly breathe я едва дышал, я с трудом перевел дух; he was breathing hard when he finished the race когда он закончил дистанцию, он тяжело дышал /задыхался/; breathe with difficulty дышать с трудом; he is still breathing он еще дышит /еще жив/; at last we breathed freely наконец, мы свободно вздохнули; now I could breathe again теперь я снова мог спокойно дышать /жить/; the best man that ever breathed не.знал '/не было/ [на свете] человека лучше3. IIIbreathe smth.1) breathe wholesome air (foul air, etc.) дышать целебным воздухом, вдыхать целебный воздух и т. д.', breathe a sigh of relief облегченно вздохнуп.; breathe fire изрыгать пламя; breathe one's last [breath] испустить дух, умереть, скончаться2) book. ' breathe words of low (a prayer, a blessing, etc.) (про)шептать слова любви и т. д.; he breathed a sob of relief у него вырвался вздох облегчения; not to breathe a word не проронить ни слова3) book. breathe fragrance распространять аромат; breathe simplicity дышать простотой; her manners breathe innocence от нее веет невинностью /чистотой/; his words breathe a spirit of humanity его речь проникнута духом гуманизма4. XVIbreathe through smth. breathe through the nostrils (through the mouth, through a tube, etc.) дышать носом и т. д., breathe он smth. breathe on a mirror (on windowpanes, on a polished surface, etc.) (пo)дышать на зеркало и т. д.), breathe on one's (smb.'s) fingers согревать свои (чьи-л.) пальцы дыханием5. XXI11) breathe smth. into smth., smb. breathe life into a statue (a new life into an enterprise, a new hopeinto the man, energy into the tired soldiers, etc.) вдохнуть жизнь в статую и т. д.2) || not to breathe a word of /about/ his arrival (about this letter, about his warning, etc.) и словом не обмолвиться о его приезде и т. д., держать его приезд и т. д. в секрете; don't breathe a word of this to anyone об этом никому ни слова, not to breathe a word against (for) smth., smb. не вымолвить /не сказать/ ни слова против (в защиту) чего-л., кого-л.
См. также в других словарях:
breathe — [c]/brið / (say breedh) verb (breathed /briðd / (say breedhd), breathing) –verb (i) 1. to inhale and exhale air; respire: *in the cooler air we will breathe easier. –b. wongar, 1983. 2. (in speech) to control the outgoing breath in producing… …
breathe — Synonyms and related words: He, affect, air, alert, approve, argue, articulate, aspirate, attest, bark, bawl, be, be alive, be animate, be aromatic, be construed as, be extant, be found, be in existence, be met with, be present, be redolent of,… … Moby Thesaurus
breathe — [ brið ] verb ** 1. ) intransitive or transitive to take air into your lungs through your nose or mouth and let it out again: He held her so tightly she could hardly breathe. We can no longer depend on the quality of the air we breathe. breathe… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
breathe down your neck — breathe down (your) neck to watch too closely what you do. The supervisor breathes down my neck all the time, trying to make sure I m working hard enough … New idioms dictionary
breathe down neck — breathe down (your) neck to watch too closely what you do. The supervisor breathes down my neck all the time, trying to make sure I m working hard enough … New idioms dictionary
breathe — verb 1 air/breath ADVERB ▪ fast, quickly, rapidly ▪ slowly ▪ deeply ▪ shallowly ▪ … Collocations dictionary
breathe */*/ — UK [briːð] / US [brɪð] verb Word forms breathe : present tense I/you/we/they breathe he/she/it breathes present participle breathing past tense breathed past participle breathed 1) [intransitive/transitive] to take air into your lungs through… … English dictionary
Breathe a Sigh — Infobox Single Name = Breathe a Sigh Artist = Def Leppard from Album = Slang. B side = Released = 1996 Format = CD Recorded = 1995 in Spain and Fine Bow Lane Studios in Dublin, Ireland Genre = Pop rock Length = Label = Bludgeon Riffola Writer =… … Wikipedia
hard — [[t]hɑ͟ː(r)d[/t]] ♦ harder, hardest 1) ADJ GRADED Something that is hard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken. He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor... Something cold and hard pressed into the back of his … English dictionary
hard — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} adj. 1 solid/stiff VERBS ▪ be, feel, look, seem ▪ The chairs felt hard and uncomfortable. ▪ become, go … Collocations dictionary
How Do I Breathe — Infobox Single | Name = How Do I Breathe Artist = Mario from Album = Go! B side = Released = May 15, 2007 (U.S.) August 13, 2007 (UK) Format = Digital download CD single Vinyl single Recorded = 2006 Genre = R B Pop Length = Label = J Records… … Wikipedia